Munchaev R.M., Amirov Sh.N.

Key words: Mesopotamia, Caucasus, connections, 4th-3rd millennium BC, Leilatepe culture, Kura-Araxes and Maikop cultures.
The article tells of the connections between Mesopotamia and the Caucasus in the second half of the 4th millennium BC, when the powerful cultural impact of the ancient civilization reached the Kura-Araxes and Maikop cultures through the Leilatepe culture of Transcaucasia. On the other hand, the article investigates the earliest spreading of kurgan burial rites from the North Caucasus to Transcaucasia and the Near East.